THE STRUGGLE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL DIRECTIONS OF THE 20th CENTURY AND ITS RE-FLECTION IN THE MONUMENT PROTECTION ACTIVITY

Authors

  • Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Abstract

The article presents a historical study of the causes of the emergence of modern world practice of preserving architecture in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The interrelation between the practice of preserving this architectural heritage and the types of historical and architectural description that rely on different types of memory is considered. Four typological varieties of monument protection systems have been identified, which coexist in the modern theory of the architectural monument of the late 19th-20th centuries. It is determined that they are based on different historical and architectural representations - the Soviet history of architecture, the history of modern architecture, regional architecture history and the postmodern history of architecture. Most of these stories are dependent on a political dimension that affects both the value line and the objectivity of selection. The postmodern history of architecture views architecture as a multiple multidimensional process, evolving in time and space, in which generation, development and changes in architecture are associated with different social, economic and other complex conditions. The acceptance of plurality and the rejection of duality in selection makes it possible, on the basis of it, to build a memorial practice outside of political conflicts. The main criterion is the parameter of professionalism - how exactly the architect managed to find the solution in given design conditions. The key problems of preservation of the architectural heritage of the ХІХ-ХХ cc. today and the reasons for their occurrence: the parallel coexistence of several architectural histories and security practices; political processes influenced the formation of registers of monuments of local and global levels - the World Heritage List and local monuments require reassessment, development of means for depoliticizing the monument protection activity is necessary; the movement of modern modernist architects turned out to be dominant; most of the objects of Art Deco, neoclassicism, Soviet architecture, the architecture of Nazi Germany, etc. are preserved only due to the quality of construction and its monumentality, and not to security measures.

Keywords: memory, architectural monument, architectural heritage, modern architecture, monumental protection activity, history of architecture

Author Biography

, Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

асистент кафедри основ архітектури

References

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Published

2018-07-27

How to Cite

(2018). THE STRUGGLE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL DIRECTIONS OF THE 20th CENTURY AND ITS RE-FLECTION IN THE MONUMENT PROTECTION ACTIVITY. Municipal Economy of Cities, (142), 217–230. Retrieved from https://khg.kname.edu.ua/index.php/khg/article/view/5210