PRIMARY PROCESSING OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE FOR THEIR USE

Abstract

The analysis of the equipment used to mechanize the process of dismantling of reinforced concrete structures allows us to reveal the fact that equipment of low productivity and labor intensity has become widespread on the territory of Ukraine. Continuous improvement of technology and technology will allow achieving a higher level of processing, and, accordingly, profit. The presence of secondary rubble eliminates the need to purchase rubble, and pay the cost of its delivery, removal and storage. Also, secondary crushed stone from concrete demolished buildings is much cheaper than natural, as the energy consumption for its production is 8 times less, and the cost of concrete with it is reduced by 25%. The organization of production and use of secondary raw materials from concrete scrap can be carried out in several ways. Concrete scrap from the site of the dismantling works is transported to the plant for the production of fillers, and the resulting aggregate is sent to the concrete plant. Also, equipment for the preparation of aggregate from concrete scrap can be installed directly on the site of the dismantling works, and the resulting aggregate should be sent to a concrete plant or building site. Or organize the receipt of aggregate from concrete scrap and the production on its basis at the site of the dismantling (in-plant transportation).  For the organization of the processing process is not enough only one crushing and sorting complex, it is mandatory to purchase an excavator with a suitable set of hinged equipment for destruction - hammers, cutters, concrete scorers, hydraulic shears, grapples. Often mini-excavators are used to work in confined spaces, in ceilings. In addition, when analyzing high-rise buildings, tower cranes, various loaders are used, including crawler mini loaders for working on soils with a weak bearing capacity, bulldozers, concrete pumps and diesel generators, vibratory rollers and other means of minor mechanization. Rational choice of equipment already in the first stage of destruction allows to save costs for obtaining a secondary aggregate. Concrete on secondary aggregates can be used for general low-rise construction, pouring the foundations of warehouse and industrial premises, in the construction of garages, utility rooms and foundations. Advantages of recycling concrete construction waste are to achieve an environmental effect - new production will reduce the number of landfills and in the economic benefit - by reducing the cost of maintaining landfills.

Keywords: utilization, construction waste, primary processing, secondary raw materials