EUROPEAN PRACTICE OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES
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Keywords:
territory, region, polarization, alignment, non-uniformity.Abstract
Notes that the configuration of socio-economic space is heterogeneous and imbalances that impede sustainable development and achieve inter-regional contrasts.
The economic space is considered from the point of view of geographical and national borders, which is «a saturated territory containing many objects and connections between them: settlements, industrial enterprises, economically developed and recreational zones, transport and engineering networks, etc.».
In terms of the resource-based approach, economic space is created by those entities that share resources. Therefore, economic space is an «abstract economic landscape of dynamic allocation of resources depending on the environment and their locations».
The third - information - approach focuses on the fact that space is formed by the information flows that circulate between the economic entities that determine the structure of this space.
Regional development concepts are grouped into two groups. The first group focuses on the possibility of a balanced regional development, provided that the available resource potential of the territory is maximally productive. The second group, which includes polarized regional development, focuses on the uneven regional development.
EU development issues have been found to be addressed through cohesion policy, which is a statement of solidarity between Member States and regions for the purpose of balanced development in the EU to reduce structural differences between regions.
The following target categories are presented in the EU in terms of support.
The highest level of assistance to those regions where GDP per capita is less than 75% of the EU average. The purpose of the Fund's support in this case is to balance the economic proportions of regional development.
Regions with high unemployment rates, aiming at supporting structurally weak regions.
Support education and training initiatives to develop human resources.
The European integration vector of Ukraine provides opportunities for additional financial support for Ukraine's economy. We consider it expedient to analyze the possibilities of implementing the European experience of decentralization and distribution of financial resources to support the least developed regions of Ukraine.
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