EVALUATION OF MACRO FACTORS FOR E-COMMERCE DEPLOYMENT IN THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE: POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS
Array
Keywords:
e-commerce, delivery system, parcel, end-consumer, urbanization.Abstract
This paper presents the analytical study results revealing the key factors for e-commerce deployment. We focused on macro level of the considered topic. Firstly, we defined that e-commerce deployment is closely related to current trend in population urbanization. We revealed a significant increase in urban population and along with that the e-commerce revenue grew up as well in last ten years. This trend has a positive dynamic. Given that secondly, the e-commerce deployment has forced the environmental pollution due to automobile transport utilization when the low consolidated home deliveries are implemented. We defined that this negative impact has to be leveled by a significant reduction of two- and three-wheels vehicles usage till 2040. Moreover, the light vans and trucks usage with fossil energy sources should be reduced till 2055 as well. Besides this policy, we observed that the technological measures can be implemented, namely in urban transportation. Thus, a two-echelon supply chain can be introduced allowing to make the parcel deliveries more consolidated. This should provide a reduction in vehicle mileage travelled resulting in more sustainable transportation. Special attention in this study has been made to analysis an e-commerce deployment in a developing economy. Ukraine has been considered as a case study. We revealed a significant growth in purchase number and commodities range bought in the internet in last seven years. As e-commerce can be implemented via several delivery channels, we have determined that for Ukraine the post office-based delivery option is more popular than a home delivery. We revealed a non-linear growth of opened new post offices within Ukraine area. Along with that we determined the same picture for parcels number delivered during last seven years. Having a such trend we can state that e-commerce deployment is inclined by a list of macro factors and has a great potential for Ukraine economy. In these conditions the transportation engineers and decision makers should unite their activity to promote the sustainable delivery services.
References
2. Rossolov, A., Rossolova, H., Holguin-Veras, J. (2021). Online and In-Store Purchase Behavior: Shopping Channel Choice in a Developing Economy. Transportation, 37 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-020-10163-3.
3. Comi, A. (2020). A modelling framework to forecast urban goods flows. Research in Transportation Economics, 80, 100827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100827
4. Visser, J., Nemoto, T., Browne, M. (2014). Home Delivery and the Impacts on Urban Freight Transport: A Re-view. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 125, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1452
5. Wygonik, E., Goodchild, A. V. (2018). Urban form and last-mile goods movement: Factors affecting vehicle miles travelled and emissions. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61.A, 217–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.09.015
6. Rossolov A., Popova N., Kopytkov D., Rossolova H., Zaporozhtseva H., 2018. Assessing the Impact of Parame-ters for the Last Mile Logistics System on Creation of the Add-ed Value of Goods. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5/3.95, 70–79. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.142523
7. Dablanc, L., Morganti, E., Arvidsson, N., Woxenius, J., Browne, M., Saidi, N. (2017). The rise of on-demand ‘In-stant Deliveries’ in European cities. Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal, 18, 203–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/16258312.2017.1375375
8. Francke, J., Visser, J. (2015). Internet shopping and its impacts on mobility. 25th World Road Congress (PIARC), Seoul, Republic of Korea, 1–14.
9. Gonzalez-Feliu, J. (2008). Models and methods for the City Logistics: The Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Rout-ing Problem. Politecnico di Torino, p. 148.
10. Russo, F., Comi, A. (2018). From City Logistics Theories to City Logistics Planning. In: Taniguchi E., Thomp-son R. G. (eds) City Logistics 3: Towards Sustainable and Liveable Cities, Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119425472.ch19
11. Verlinde, S., Macharis, C. (2016). Innovation in ur-ban freight transport: the Triple Helix model. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 1250–1259.
12. Naumov, V., Starczewski, J. (2019). Choosing the Localisation of Loading Points for the Cargo Bicycles System in the Krakow Old Town. In: Kabashkin I., Yatskiv (Jackiva) I., Prentkovskis O. (eds) Reliability and Statistics in Transpor-tation and Communication. RelStat 2018. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 68. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12450-2_34
13. Rossolov, A., Lobashov, O., Kopytkov, D., Botsman, A., Lyfenko, S. (2019). A Two-Echelon Green Sup-ply Chain for Urban Delivery. Science and Technique, 18.6. 495–503.
14. Rossolov, A., Lobashov, O., Botsman, A. (2020). Local depot-based urban supply chain for liveable cities. Munic-ipal economy of cities, 6.159, 153–160. https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-153-160
15. Rossolov, A., Lobashov, O. Kopytkov, D., Naumov, V. (2020). Sustainable suburban supply chain. Transportation Research Procedia, 45, 795–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.02.092
16. Mokhtarian, P. L. (2004). A conceptual analysis of the transportation impacts of B2C e-commerce, Transportation, 31, 257–284.
17. Marker, J. T., Goulias, K. (2000). Framework for the analysis of grocery teleshopping. Transportation Research Record, 1725, 1–8.
18. Farag, S., Krizek, K.J., Dijst, M. (2007). E‐Shopping and its Relationship with In‐store Shopping: Empirical Evi-dence from the Netherlands and the USA. Transport Reviews, 26.1, 43–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441640500158496
19. Soopramanien, D. G. R., Robertson, A., 2007. Adop-tion and usage of online shopping: An empirical analysis of the characteristics of ‘‘buyers’’ ‘‘browsers’’ and ‘‘non-internet shoppers’’. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 14, 73–82.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2006.04.002
20. Crocco, F., Eboli, l., Mazzulla, G., 2013. Individual Attitudes and Shopping Mode Characteristics Affecting the Use of E-Shopping and Related Travel. Transport and Telecommu-nication Journal, 14.1, 45–56.
21. Comi, A., Nuzzolo, A. (2016). Exploring the rela-tionships between e-shopping attitudes and urban freight transport. Transportation Research Procedia, 12, 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.02.075
22. Suel, E., Polak, J. W. (2017). Development of joint models for channel, store, and travel mode choice: Grocery shopping in London. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 99,147–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.03.009
23. Schmid, B., Axhausen, K. W. (2019). In-store or online shopping of search and experience goods: A hybrid choice approach. Journal of Choice Modelling, 31, 156–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2018.03.001
24. United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs. https://population.un.org/wup/
25. Wolff, M. (2018). Understanding the role of centrali-zation processes for cities – Evidence from a spatial perspective of urban Europe 1990–2010. Cities, 75, 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.01.009
26. Global Ecommerce 2019. E-Market. https://www.emarketer.com/content/global-ecommerce-2019.
27. Cars, planes, trains: where do CO2 emissions from transport come from? Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-transport
28. Global CO2 emissions in transport by mode in the Sustainable Development Scenario, 2000-2070. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-co2-emissions-in-transport-by-mode-in-the-sustainable-development-scenario-2000-2070
29. TOP 10 best online stores in Ukraine 2018 – 2019. https://my-master.net.ua/ua/top-10-krashhih-internet-magaziniv-ukrayini-2018-2019-roku/
30. Ukraine B2C e-commerce market 2019, (2019), 12 p. Available online: https://www.ystats.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/2019.05.03_Product-Brochure-Order-Form_Ukraine-B2C-E-Commerce-Market-2019.pdf
31. Nova Poshta Sustainability Report 2019, (2019), 136 p. Available online: https://novaposhta.ua/ru/zvit_zi_stalogo_rozvitku_2019
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors who publish in this collection agree with the following terms:
• The authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and give the magazine the right to first publish this work under the terms of license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (with the Designation of Authorship - Non-Commercial - Without Derivatives 4.0 International), which allows others to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this magazine.
• Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form in which they were published by this magazine (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained. .
• Journal policy allows and encourages the publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions' repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial work, as it contributes to the emergence of productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
