INTENSITY OF CHEMICAL NEUTRALISATION OF CHLORINE DURING PRECIPITATION BY A FINELY DISPERSED LIQUID STREAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2024-6-187-278-283Keywords:
fine stream, emergency, precipitation, sorption, chemical neutralisation, chlorineAbstract
One of the main tasks of the unified state system of civil protection is to forecast and assess the socio-economic consequences of emergencies, determine the need for forces, means, material and financial resources based on the forecast; carry out rescue and other urgent work to eliminate the consequences of emergencies, and organise life support for the affected population. The paper modifies the model of chlorine sorption by a fine liquid flow. The developed mathematical model allows to take into account the following basic parameters of sorption, environmental parameters, parameters of the liquid flow supplied for deposition and physical and chemical properties of the liquid in this flow. The developed model allows minimising the number of input parameters and the forecasting time, which is critical for emergency response. The results of numerical modelling have shown that the deposition of chlorine, which is a low-valent gas in water, is determined by the Henry's constant, and not by the intensity of the liquid flow, as previously thought. The poor solubility of chlorine in water does not provide significant efficiency (6% compared to ammonia) of its deposition by dispersed streams even at maximum intensity, which confirms the need for rescue units to use water-soluble additives that are chemically active to react with chlorine. It is also worth noting the logarithmic nature of the dependence of gas deposition intensity on the intensity of the dispersed flow. This can be explained by the fact that the intensity of sorption decreases due to a decrease in gas concentration, which in turn decreases due to the absorption process. Therefore, it is possible to determine the critical intensity of the liquid dispersion flow at which the sorption intensity almost stabilises. This confirms the urgent need for rescue units to use chemical neutralisers in the elimination of accidents involving chlorine emissions into the atmosphere.
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