ANALYSIS OF ACTIONS OF THE STATE EMERGENCIES SERVICE OF UKRAINE WHILE EXTINGUISHING FIRES ON ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Array
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2022-1-168-75-80Keywords:
State Emergencies Service of Ukraine, electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, firefighting, recommendations.Abstract
Electric and hybrid vehicles, which involve road accidents and fires, present unique risks associated with high voltage systems. These hazards are divided into three separate categories: chemical, electrical and thermal. The possible effects may vary, but are not limited to the size, configuration, and chemical composition of the battery. Operational and rescue units of Ukraine in case of road accidents are guided by the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and methodological recommendations. These documents cover actions during fires and emergencies in electric vehicles are quite concise and need to be significantly expanded and provide the necessary recommendations to prevent injuries to personnel during rescue operations and firefighting in this type of vehicle. The article comparative analysis of normative documents, methods and actions of rescue units of Ukraine with recommendations and methods of other states, in case of fires on hybrid and electric vehicles, identification of shortcomings in order to further provide recommendations for improving existing management documents, taking into account experience and practice abroad. According to the results of the analysis, the guidelines of the Rescue Service of Ukraine do not contain a clear list of exercises that can coordinate the actions of rescuers and increase their personal safety with the following sequence of actions: car identification, immobilization, disconnection of power sources, rescue. Actions on extinguishing cars are very briefly reviewed, it is not clear for what reasons the use of air-mechanical foam is prohibited. Methods of extinguishing ordinary cars with internal combustion engines on gasoline and diesel, and recommendations for the use of fire extinguishers during firefighting on these vehicles in the regulations are not available at all. electric and hybrid vehicles need significant revision and improvement, taking into account the experience of other countries in the field of rescue and firefighting.
References
2. Metodychni rekomendatsii shchodo poriadku dii avariino-riatuvalnykh formuvan DSNS pid chas likvidatsii naslidkiv nadzvychainykh sytuatsii (nebezpechnykh podii), poviazanykh iz dorozhno-transportnymy pryhodamy : zatv. nakazom DSNS № 80 vid 28.01.2020 roku. URL: https://194.0.148.26/files/2020/1/29/3/80-28.01.2020.pdf [in Ukrainian]
3. National Fire Protection Association. Electric Vehicle Emergency Field Guide. (2015). URL: https://www.bristolfiredepartment.org/uploads/3/4/1/9/34194751/evfg-15-pdf.pdf
4. Interim Guidance for Electric Vehicle and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles Equipped With High Voltage Batteries. (2012). URL: https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/interimguide_electrichybridvehicles_012012_v3.pdf
5. Hybrid and EV First and Second Responder Recommended Practice. SAE International, Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice J2990. (2012). URL: https://www.ctif.org/sites/default/files/news/files/todd_mackintosh.pdf
6. Egelhaaf, M., Kres, D., Wolpert, D., Lange, Th., Justen, R., Wilstermann, H. (2013). Fire Fighting of Li-Ion Traction Batteries. SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains, 2(1), 37–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0213
7. Russo, P., Di Bari, C., Mazzaro, M., De Rosa, A., Morriello, I. (2018). Effective fire extinguishing systems for lithium-ion battery. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 67, 727–732. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1867122
8. Wei-tao, L., Shun-bing, Z. (2018). Research and Development of Fire Extinguishing Technology for Power Lithium Batteries. Procedia Engineering, 34, 531–537. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.12.045
9. Lazarenko, O.V., Synelnikov, O.D., Bykov I.M., Kuskovets, A.S. (2019). Fire extinguishing and other urgent work in electric cars. Fire Safety, 34, 54–58. URL: https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6493
10. Lazarenko, O., Loik, V., Shtain, B., Riegert, D. (2018). Research on the Fire Hazards of Cells in Electric Car Battaries. Safty and Fire Technology, 52(4), 108–117. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12845%2Fbitp.52.4.2018.7
11. Fent, K.W. (2010). Evaluation of Chemical and Particle Exposures During Vehicle Fire Suppression Training. URL: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2008-0241-3113.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors who publish in this collection agree with the following terms:
• The authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and give the magazine the right to first publish this work under the terms of license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (with the Designation of Authorship - Non-Commercial - Without Derivatives 4.0 International), which allows others to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this magazine.
• Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form in which they were published by this magazine (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained. .
• Journal policy allows and encourages the publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions' repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial work, as it contributes to the emergence of productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
