ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNIQUE FOR EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF A PORTABLE SMOKE AND HEAT REMOVAL DEVICE
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Abstract
The issue of development of appropriate methods of tests of portable means of smoke and heat dissipation is given. In particular, attention was paid to the fact that the fire extinguisher is a device, the use of which greatly influences the efficiency of carrying out work on the salvation of people and the elimination of fires and which is currently practically not used by fire and rescue units of the State Service of Ukraine for Emergencies.
In Ukraine, fire extinguishers have not yet found widespread, although in some cases it is precisely their use may not be an alternative. At the same time, the absence of a normative document (standard) in Ukraine, which regulates the requirements for such devices and appropriate test methods, holds back the possibility of import deliveries of portable breathing pumps and the development of domestic samples.
The main tasks to be solved for the scientific substantiation of the tactical and technical characteristics of portable means of smoke and heat removal, which include the justification of the necessary data on the possibility of application of injectors in the practical units of the operational and rescue service of civil defense of Ukraine, the justification of the initial data to the method of tests of injection smoke changers
The method of experimental studies of the functional model of the portable means of smoke and heat dissipation is given. In the framework of experimental research it is supposed to determine such basic characteristics of injectors as mass-dimensional parameters and performance during air injection. In addition, natural fire studies will be conducted, which consist in the study of the temperature regime during the injection of air without and with the simultaneous submission of a fine-water jet of water to the room where the fire occurred. In the process of conducting field fire investigations, it is recorded how much and during which time the average arithmetic mean value of temperature in the test box decreases during the operation of the injector. The work of the suction suction unit continues until the temperature in the test box decreases to about 40° C. Based on practical experience, this temperature is suitable for rescue and extinguishing fires by the personnel of the Rescue Service of Civil Protection of Ukraine.
Keywords: gas-air environment, experimental research technique, pressure extinguisher, air injection, capacity, temperature regime, functional layout.
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