COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARRYING CROWDING RATE INDICATORS FOR URBAN PASSENGER VEHICLES
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Keywords:
passenger transportation, public transit, in-vehicle crowding level.Abstract
The carrying crowding rate of passenger vehicles is one of the main indicators to describe the quality of transport services for the urban population. Planning and organization of the urban passenger transportation should be aimed at ensuring the parameters of the transportation process that would provide the comfortable trip conditions and prevent of a vehicle overcrowding.
The capacity rate assessment is carried out according to a number of indicators that differ in content, essence, units etc. This makes it difficult to compare the capacity rates determined by different indicators from the position of the trip comfort evaluation. Consideration of issues regarding the passenger vehicles' carrying capacity rate is performed when solving the following scientific and practical problems: assessment of the trip discomfort degree at different vehicle carrying capacity rates and its effect on the passengers' transport behavior by a trip choice, and ways of its implementation etc.; measurement of the quality of passenger transport services at various carrying crowding rates; determination of rational carrying crowding rates when choosing the transportation process parameters on the urban passenger lines.
The analysis of approaches to assessing the vehicle's carrying crowding rate showed that the following indicators were used in scientific research and design calculations: the number of passengers per 1 m2 of the floor of a vehicle cabin to carry the standing passengers; the specific area of the cabin per passenger who makes a standing trip; carrying capacity rates in which, as a basis for comparison, the nominal vehicle capacity and the number of passengers seats are used.
The comparative analysis of these indicators made it possible to establish the following features of their application: indicators of the crowding density and the vehicle specific floor area are objective characteristics of the crowding rate, they do not depend on the passenger capacity and the vehicle interior, but they do not reflect the use of seats; the application of the carrying capacity rates allows evaluating the entire capacity range, however, to consider from the standpoint of passengers trip comfort, they must be adjusted from the capacity density indicator; under the same conditions of crowding in terms of passenger density in the cabin, the values of capacity rates for vehicles of different capacities may differ significantly due to the different specific weight of the number of seats for sitting in the vehicle nominal capacity; with increasing the vehicle carrying capacity there is a tendency to decrease in the specific weight of the number of passenger seats in the nominal passenger capacity of the vehicle.
The direction of further research is to formalize the relationship between these capacity indicators for the urban passenger vehicles.
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