ORGANISATION OF THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS OF OVERSIZED CARGO BY MODES OF TRANSPORT. ROLE AND POSITION OF MARITIME TRANSPORT IN THIS PROCESS

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Abstract

The article deals with comparison of modes of transportation concerning oversized and heavylift cargo carriage. The peculiarities of each mode of transport directed to determine the rational spheres of its use, but at the same time the development of the geography of maritime trade and intercontinental mainline freight flows has had a significant impact on the increase in the volume of transportation of industrial cargoes, raw materials and high-tech equipment and served as an impetus for the realization of the competitive advantages of the water transport over the other modes of transportation.  Assistance in the development of external economic relations and provision of international trade relations as priority components in the list of advantages of which marine transport has in the world economy. Therefore, it becomes obvious that one of the most difficult types of transportation is the carriage of oversized and heavylift cargoes.  It is reasonable to note that this concept has differences depending on the type of transport used.  There are also various rules of transportation by rail, sea, air and road.  Advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of the transportation process of oversized cargo using a particular mode of transport are not very apparent and depend primarily on factors such as indication of dimensions, information on weight, type of cargo, route requirements and time required for transportation, volume of transportation, specific conditions and requirements for carriage. Oversized cargoes in their turn include the cargo units of construction vehicles (excavators, bulldozers, graders, trucks), drilling rigs, earthmoving machines, various machinery and mechanisms for mining industry, steel structures and bridge supports, wind generators, transformers, as well as extra-length equipment, parts and components of plants.