METHODS OF OBTAINING AND USING QUALITY DATA IN THE PRACTICE OF URBAN PLANNING
Array
Keywords:
urban planning, place identity, spatial tactics, spatial knowledge.Abstract
This article uses the term “spatial knowledge” to describe methods aimed at obtaining qualitative data on urban space. The study examines the coexistence of formal planning with informal planning practices. This coexistence takes place in the context of changes in current legislation and the growing influence of local communities in urban development planning. This paper describes certain methods for analyzing the "spatial practices" of the local community and examples of interaction between municipal authorities and NGOs. Communication between governmental and non-governmental planning agents explicitly or implicitly influences urban development by gradually transforming the "rational model" that defined planners as neutral analysts. Approbation of methods for obtaining quality data on urban space took place during various workshops at the All-Ukrainian festival "Cities of Ukraine" in Dnipro from 2016 to 2020. Thus, to analyze the manifestations of spatial tactics of citizens, the method of mapping places of artistic action was used. In combination with the method of mapping urban areas with limited access, it provides data on the nature of use (or restrictions on use) of common space. The analysis of property rights with an assessment of developers’ (or tenants’) intentions regarding the main and adjacent land plots was conducted using the mixed methodology. First of all, open sources (cadastral maps) were analyzed to determine the owners of plots. The data obtained were supplemented by information from the town-planning councils where intentions to develop specific sites were stated in the form of various projects. Subsequently, the method of implicit property rights analysis was used in the development concept of the Naberezhna Peremohy area in Dnipro. In general, all these city workshops, as well as practical planning performed in cooperation with a local architectural workshop, are relevant to the inclusion of informal practices in urban development planning. The transformation of the "rational model" of spatial planning requires using not only quantitative but also qualitative data of the place. Characterization of spatial tactics of citizens, identification of places of joint action with the definition of "urban voids" and identification of the main "actors" of spatial development contribute to the effectiveness of planning proposals.
References
2. Law of Ukraine On cooperation of local communities from June 17 2014, No. 1508-VII. URL: http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1508-18 [in Ukrainan]
3. Blinova, M.Y., & Ilchenko, S.A. (2020, August). The actualization of the garden city model in modern urban planning with participation practices (on the example of Grabnyk park renewal in the city of Rivne). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 907(1), 012002). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/907/1/012002
4. Martin, D.G. (2003). “Place-framing” as place-making: Constituting a neighborhood for organizing and activism. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 93(3), 730 –750. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8306.9303011
5. Harvey, David. (2012). Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution. New York, Verso Books.
6. Castells, M. (2011). The power of identity (Vol. 14). John Wiley & Sons.
7. Ilchenko, S. (2021). “Reclaiming” the City: A Collective Endeavor. Dimensions, 2(1), 183–202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14361/dak-2021-0214
8. Bradley, Q. (2018). Neighbourhood planning and the production of spatial knowledge. Town Planning Review, 89(1), 23–42. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2018.2
9. Meijer, M., & Syssner, J. (2017). Getting ahead in depopulating areas-How linking social capital is used for informal planning practices in Sweden and The Netherlands. Journal of Rural Studies, 55, 59–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.07.014
10. Woolcock, M. (1998). Social capital and economic development: Toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework. Theory and society, 27(2), 151–208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006884930135
11. Arrow, K. J. (1974). The limits of organization. WW Norton & Company.
12. Innes, J.E., & Booher, D.E. (2015). A turning point for planning theory? Overcoming dividing discourses. Planning theory, 14(2), 195–213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1473095213519356
13. Castells, M. (2013). Communication power. OUP Oxford.
14. Workshop “Murals of the Dnieper”. Architectural festival “Cities of Ukraine” Public group. URL: https://www.facebook.com/groups/677404975759288/posts/677437049089414/
15. Balandier, G. (2006). Le pouvoir sur scènes. Fayard.
16. Campos, R. (2016). Visibilidades e Invisibilidades Urbanas. Revista de Ciências Sociais, 47(1), 49–76.
17. De Certeau, M., & Mayol, P. (1998). The Practice of Everyday Life: Living and Cooking. Volume 2 (Vol. 2). U of Minnesota Press.
18. Gielen, P. (2015). Performing the common city: On the crossroads of art, politics and public life. Interrupting the city: Artistic constitutions of the public sphere (pp. 273–298). Valiz.
19. Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (A. Sheridan, Trans.)
20. Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city (Vol. 11). MIT press.
21. Sociological survey. Architectural festival "Cities of Ukraine". Public group. URL: https://www.facebook.com/groups/677404975759288/posts/695345620631890
22. Ilchenko, S. (2021). The Impact of Migrant Peasants on Urban Space (Ho Chi Minh City — Gành Dầu). Municipal Economy of Cities, 3(163), 94–102. URL: https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-3-163-94-102
23. Douglass, M., & Huang, L. (2007). Globalizing the city in Southeast Asia: Utopia on the urban edge–the case of Phu My Hung, Saigon. Ijaps, 3(2), 1–42.
24. Mora, H., Pérez-del Hoyo, R., Paredes-Pérez, J.F., & Mollá-Sirvent, R.A. (2018). Analysis of social networking service data for smart urban planning. Sustainability, 10(12), 4732. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124732
25. Van Assche, K., Beunen, R., & Duineveld, M. (2013). Formal/informal dialectics and the self-transformation of spatial planning systems: An exploration. Administration & Society, 46(6), 654–683. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399712469194
26. Architectural festival "Cities of Ukraine". Workshop 2020 "Globa.L park". URL: https://www.facebook.com/groups/677404975759288/posts/1844087612424346 829-849
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors who publish in this collection agree with the following terms:
• The authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and give the magazine the right to first publish this work under the terms of license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (with the Designation of Authorship - Non-Commercial - Without Derivatives 4.0 International), which allows others to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this magazine.
• Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form in which they were published by this magazine (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained. .
• Journal policy allows and encourages the publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions' repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial work, as it contributes to the emergence of productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
