INFORMATION SIMULATION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT CONSTRUCTION SITE
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2022-1-168-121-128Keywords:
construction, occupational safety, modelling, risk, hazards.Abstract
One of the directions of the economic development of the state is the construction industry, in which the issues of labor protection and improving safety are extremely acute, since its effective growth depends on the solution of this issue.
With the development of scientific and technological progress, as well as digital technologies, the question of the possible application of this area in matters of ensuring the safety of production processes becomes relevant. Today, in the construction industry, BIM technologies are actively being used. BIM (Building Information Modeling) - Building information modeling is the process of creating an integrated model of the future construction project, which includes all stages of the life cycle of the project from the design stage to the dismantling stage. BIM technology is the very tool that shows how to improve the interaction of all project participants. BIM is based on a three-dimensional information model.
The information model of the building means obtaining full information about the future construction site according to the most popular sections of the design documentation.
This technology is a universal information platform that allows you to integrate various software modules into the BIM model of investment and construction projects. Thanks to this approach, it became possible to digitize construction production while monitoring the safety of work, as well as labor protection using a risk-oriented approach.
Considering the application of this technology and the result, it can be seen that all research is aimed mainly at the work of designers. However, if we consider BIM technology as an information platform (base) on which new software products (complexes) can be superimposed, then we can create a qualitatively different approach in the application of this technology. In particular, it is possible to review the approach to the assessment of industrial safety and labor protection, in another perspective to approach the scheduling of construction schedules, consider the possibility of applying such programs in the assessment of construction and installation risks during the implementation of the investment and construction project.
The article discusses 3D modeling of objects, such as a construction site. Individual areas with boundary assignment were analyzed to assess the degree of safety in these areas. To assess the state of labor protection, a breakdown of the studied object to 100 square meters was adopted. The stage of determining the most hazardous production factors, as well as possible risks that may be involved in the construction work has been investigated.
According to the results of ranking of hazardous and harmful production factors, hazard zones are determined regardless of the type of construction and installation work.
Based on the distribution of hazard zones (boundaries), it is possible to rank safety levels that characterize the safety situation at the construction site.
The Construction Safety Index allows you to identify the processes and factors that most affect labor safety, which makes it possible for inspectors to most effectively correct the selection of protective measures at the construction site.
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